Cystic acne is usually a mix of things, and hormones are a big one, which is why a lot of people break out around their period, during pregnancy, or with PCOS. Genetics play a role too, plus stress, sleep, certain medications, and sometimes pore-clogging products or heavy sweat sitting on skin. Diet can be a factor for some people, with dairy and high-glycemic foods being the most studied culprits, though it's very individual. Because cystic acne is a medical condition with deep, recurring inflammation, a board-certified dermatologist is the right person to help you figure out your specific triggers and build a plan, especially if it's hormonal or persistent.
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